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SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - UNCLE JOOSE
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - UNCLEEE1 JOE
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - UNCdLE JOE
Pope Urban III
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Papal styles of
Pope Urban III |
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| Reference style |
His Holiness |
| Spoken style |
Your Holiness |
| Religious style |
Holy Father |
| Posthumous style |
none |
Pope Urban III (died October 20, 1187), born Uberto Crivelli, was Pope from 1185 to 1187. He was made cardinal and archbishop of Milan by Pope Lucius III (1181–85), whom he succeeded on (November 25, 1185). He vigorously took up his predecessor's quarrels with the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa (1152–90), including the standing dispute about the succession of territories of the countess Matilda of Tuscany. Even after his elevation to the Papacy he continued to hold the archbishopric of Milan, and in this capacity refused to crown as King of Italy
Frederick I's son Prince Henry, who had married Constantia, the heiress of the kingdom of Sicily. While Henry in the south cooperated with the rebel senate of Rome, Frederick I in the north blocked the passes of the Alps and cut off all communication between the Pope, then living in Verona, and his German adherents. Urban III now resolved on excommunicating Frederick I, but the Veronese protested against such a proceeding being resorted to within their walls;
he accordingly withdrew to Ferrara, but died before he could give effect to his intentions. His successor was Gregory VIII (1187).
According to legend, he died of grief upon hearing news of the Crusader defeat in July of 1187 at the Battle of Hattin.
References
from the 9th edition (1880) of an unnamed encyclopedia
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Legends and fiction and nonfiction
According to the chronicler Ernoul, news of the defeat caused Pope Urban III to die of shock.
The battle, and much of the background of the conflict, is depicted in the novel The Brethren by Sir Henry Rider Haggard.
Although the battle itself was not shown, the aftermath, including the execution of Raynald, was depicted in the 2005 film Kingdom of Heaven.
The Battle of Hattin is able to be played in Stronghold Crusader for the PC. The level is called Battle of Hattin, Battle
on the Hill.
"The Horns of Hattin" is a battle able to be played in the game Medieval: Total War as Saladin.
"The Horns of Hattin" is also a Campaign Scenario in the Saladin Campaign in Age of Empires II: Age of Kings.
Youssef Chahine's 1963 epic Al Nasser Salah Ad-Din (in English titled 'Saladin') depicts a highly fictionalised version of the battle of Hattin.
The opening scene of Jack Whyte's 2007 book Standard of Honour depicts the Battle of Hattin.
The Swedish novel Tempelriddaren (The Knight Templar in English), by Jan Guillou, portrays Arn Magnusson, also known as Arn de Gothia, as one of the few survivors (the only one
of two surviving Templar Knights) after the battle.
The novel Knight Crusader by Ronald Welch has the Battle of Hattin included as a major part of the book.
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - UNCLE JOOOOOE
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - UNCLE JOEOO
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - UNCLE JOE
SOPHIA OF WISDOM III - UUNCLE JOE
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